英 /bi dɪˈrektɪd əˈɡɛnst/美 /bi dɪˈrɛktɪd əˈɡɛnst/
v. 动词（被动语态）
针对；指向；旨在反对
该短语的本义是“被引导到……方向”，强调动作或力量的指向性。引申义有三：其一，指言论、批评、抗议等明确针对某人或某群体，如“Their criticism was directed against the new policy”；其二，指法律、规则等旨在反对或限制某行为，如“The law is directed against discrimination”；其三，指情感或行为（如仇恨、暴力）指向特定目标，如“The threats were directed against the ambassador”。各义项的共同点是“有目标的指向性”，从具体空间方向引申至抽象领域。
direct 源自拉丁语 dirigere（使直、引导），由 dis-（分开）和 regere（统治、引导）组成。被动语态 be directed 表明“被引导”的状态，against 表示“相反、对着”。构词逻辑清晰：方向 + 对立，即“被引导到对立面”。记忆时可联想“射箭瞄准靶心”，靶心即对象，against 表示敌对关系。
该短语多用于正式语境。新闻报道中常用于描述抗议、批评的对象，如“The protest was directed against the government”；法律文本中表示条款的适用对象，如“The regulation is directed against monopolies”；学术写作中用于说明研究或理论针对的问题，如“The study is directed against common misconceptions”。日常口语中较少使用，若使用则稍显正式，如“His anger was directed against me”。语气上，该短语通常中性，但若描述负面行为（如攻击、仇恨）则带贬义。
该短语为被动结构，主语是动作的接受者，介词 against 后接宾语。常见句型为“be directed against + 名词/代词/动名词”。主动形式为“direct something against something/someone”。易错点：against 为介词，后接动词需用动名词；勿与“be directed to”混淆，后者表示“面向、致力于”，不一定带敌意。例如：“The policy is directed to improving quality”（致力于）与“The policy is directed against inflation”（针对对抗）不同。
与“be aimed at”相比，后者更中性，可指积极或消极目标，如“The program is aimed at young people”；而“be directed against”通常带有反对或敌对的意味。与“be targeted at”相比，后者强调精确选择目标，常用于营销或攻击，如“The ad is targeted at teenagers”；而“be directed against”更宏观，不一定具体到个体。与“be intended to”相比，后者强调意图，不强调对象，如“The rule is intended to prevent fraud”；而“be directed against”明确指定对象。因此，当需要明确指出反对或针对的对象时，用“be directed against”最合适。
该短语语域偏正式，常见于书面语和正式演讲。情感色彩上，若用于描述负面行为（如仇恨、攻击），则带贬义；若描述法律或政策，则为中性。常见误用：一，将其与“be directed to”混淆，后者表示“被指向”但无对立含义；二，误用介词，如“be directed against”后接句子（错误），应接名词或动名词；三，过度使用于日常口语，显得生硬。建议在正式写作中使用，口语中可换成“be aimed at”或“be against”。
| be directed against sb/sth | 针对某人/某事 |
| criticism directed against | 针对……的批评 |
| threats directed against | 针对……的威胁 |
| law directed against | 针对……的法律 |
| campaign directed against | 针对……的运动 |
| violence directed against | 针对……的暴力 |
| anger directed against | 针对……的愤怒 |
| The new tax law is directed against large corporations. | 新税法针对大型企业。 |
| Her criticism was directed against the board's decision. | 她的批评针对董事会的决定。 |
| The protest was directed against police brutality. | 抗议活动针对警察暴行。 |
| The campaign is directed against smoking among teenagers. | 这项运动旨在反对青少年吸烟。 |
| His anger was directed against himself, not others. | 他的愤怒指向自己，而非他人。 |
| The regulation is directed against unfair competition. | 该法规旨在反对不正当竞争。 |